The torque limiter is an important overload protection device in high lift system of civil aircraft, which can prevent excessive load from being transmitted along the system line after triggering. The research of triggering characteristics is of great significance for the design of torque limiters. In this paper, a ball-friction type torque limiter was designed, and a modeling method for ball and groove structure was proposed. A dynamic finite element simulation model was established to study the effects of torque loading speed, initial installation distance between rotor and stator friction plates, pre-add disc spring force and friction coefficient between ball and groove on the triggering characteristics. The results show that the torque loading speed can influence triggering time but does not change the triggering torque value. For the same initial installation distance, the triggering torque is linearly related to disc spring force and friction coefficient, respectively. The research provides a reference for the design of high lift systems.