The civil aircraft wing box structure lightning environment simulation validation test is a ministerial level airworthiness certification test to obtain the civil aircraft wing box structure lightning environment. The test results were compared with the lightning simulation results of the civil aircraft wing box structure to correct the wing box simulation model.This paper summarises the civil aircraft wing box structure lightning environment simulation verification test method, introduces the test background and purpose, presents the requirements of the test, including test object requirements, test current path requirements, test current waveform requirements, test circuit network requirements, describes the specific implementation method of the test, including current test, voltage test and surface magnetic field test. Among them, the scaled-down current method and the coaxial loop network are the key points for conducting lightning tests on civil aircraft. Therefore, this article focuses on introducing the purpose and implementation of the scaled-down current method, and also explains the purpose and key parameters of building a coaxial loop network. This paper has certain guiding significance for lightning environment test of civil aircraft section level structure.