In order to study the acoustic characteristics of aircraft composite fuselage curved plate, this paper uses the statistical energy composite curved plate model established by VA one to calculate the sound insulation of composite curved plate under three different working conditions, and compares the simulation results with the experimental data to verify its effectiveness. Then, the model was used to analyze the influence of different thickness and density of the thermal and acoustic insulation blanket (TAIB) on transmission loss of composite curved panel and the two parameters were optimized by the sound pressure of model’s receptor cell to obtain the best combination in aircraft engineering application. Finally, the influence of different laying area of TAIB on transmission loss of composite curved panel was discussed and opinions on parameter selection were put forward. The results show that the thickness of TAIB has greater impact on transmission loss than the density of TAIB in the range of currently available aeroacoustic materials, the best combination of thickness and density in aircraft engineering application is the thickness of 5 inches and the den sity of 9.6 kg/m3. It’s suggested that the laying area of TAIB on composite fuselage curved panel should be more than 80% to get a better sound insulation effect in aircraft engineering applications.