During the commercial operation of large-scale civil transport aircraft, technical evaluation shall be conducted on the technical data changes based on maintenance or modification, for example, when the data in the various continuous airworthiness documents or service documents issued by the air carrier was different from the data in the manufacturer’s various continuous airworthiness documents or service documents (such as structural maintenance manual SRM, aircraft maintenance manual AMM, service bulletin SB, etc.). It is worth studying how to effectively and efficiently ensure that these technical changes meet the applicable airworthiness standards and procedures when operating in accordance with the relevant standards and operations. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) aircraft certification and Flight Standards Service have jointly developed the Advisory Circular AC 120-77 maintenance and alternation data, which provides an implementable but not the only method. The AC is neither mandatory nor regulation. Combined with AC 120-77 and industry practices, this paper discusses a set of methods to enable airlines to use reliable evidence to ensure that the maintenance, change or continued use state complies with applicable regulations and existing policies safely and more efficiently. It can provide safe and more efficient technical support for the formulation of aircraft maintenance technical solutions and engineering decisions-making in daily operations.