With the enhancement of electronization and integration, more and more comprehensive problems appear in the architecture design of modern aircraft system. The aircraft industry has put forward a systematic set of requirements for aircraft system architecture design, including the requirements of system engineering process, the requirements from airworthiness on architecture design, and the requirements for high safety level etc., but the requirements cannot be effectively realized due to the lack of a formal aircraft system architecture design process. To solve this problem, an aircraft system architecture design process based on system engineering is proposed, and a multiperspective strategy (functional perspective, logical perspective, physical perspective) is introduced. Five main design lines are defined crossing different perspectives, including requirements, architecture, behavior, performance and security analysis. In the multiperspective framework, the design data contained on the five main design lines can establish an overall traceability network, which can effectively support the many analyses of aircraft architecture, and finally support the improvement of the architecture design quality.