基于飞机结构的振动信号和舱内噪声信号,采用FXLMS(Filteredx Least Mean Square)算法设计主动降噪系统对发动机转子引起的飞机客舱内噪声进行区域化降噪控制。首先对主动降噪技术的基本原理以及采用的算法进行了阐述和推导;然后对客舱中布置的麦克风及振动传感器采集到的舱内噪声和结构振动信号进行分析,依据分析结果计算出舱内空间的声场分布情况,并在噪声较大区域安装麦克风作为主动降噪系统的降噪目标。基于相干性原理,计算了飞机结构振动信号与舱内噪声信号之间的相干性,并依据计算结果选取相干性最高的一组振动信号作为主动降噪系统的参考输入信号。最后在客舱中安装若干扬声器作为次级声源,实际测试其到目标区域麦克风之间的误差通道,根据测试的误差通道传递函数并结合振动、噪声数据进行主动降噪仿真。仿真结果表明设计的主动降噪系统能够在目标区域取得明显的降噪效果。
Abstract:
Based on the vibration of aircraft structure and the noise inside cabin, an active noise control system using FXLMS (Filteredx Least Mean Square) algorithm is designed to reduce the cabin noise caused by engine rotors. Firstly, the basic principle of active noise control technology and the algorithm used in this paper are described briefly. Then the cabin noise and structural vibration signals collected by the microphones and the vibration sensors are analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the distribution of the sound field in the cabin space is calculated, and the microphones are arranged in the noisy areas as the target zone for the active noise control system. The coherences between structural vibration signals and cabin noise signals are calculated according to the coherence principle, and the vibrational sensor with the highest coherence is selected as the reference input for the active noise control system. Finally, several loudspeakers are installed in the cabin as secondary sound sources to test the secondary path transfer functions between them and the microphones in the target area. According to the secondary path transfer functions and combining the vibration and noise data, simulations are carried out. The simulation results show that the active noise control system designed in the paper can achieve obvious noise reduction effect in the target area.
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庞立红,韩峰,刘玲,等.客机发动机转子噪声主动控制研究[J].民用飞机设计与研 究,2021(2):30-36PANG Lihong, HAN Feng, LIU Ling, et al.[J]. Civil Aircraft Design and Research,2021,(2):30-36. ( in Chinese)