国内主流机型客舱声品质表现分析
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    摘要:

    舱内声环境是决定飞机乘坐舒适性的主要因素之一,而声品质是声环境的一个重要特征。目前声品质分析通常采用主观评价和客观评价两种途径,其中声品质客观评价通过分析噪声数据的频谱特性等物理参数,能更客观的反映声音特性。本文通过高精度的双耳采集设备实测了国内主流机型在巡航阶段的声环境数据,并对相关数据进行声品质客观分析。根据本文测量结果的分析,飞机客舱内的A声级在69.4 dB(A)~83.9 dB(A)之间,响度在28.4 sone~52.5 sone之间,尖锐度分布较均匀,数值在1.1 acum~1.4 acum之间。根据频谱云图结果,噪声源主要集中在200 Hz~400 Hz频段,并且噪声强度在客舱中后部有明显增强。总体来说,各个采样机型客舱内的声品质表现整体处于可接受的水平,其中客舱前部的声品质表现要优于客舱中后部位置。

    Abstract:

    The cabin acoustic environment is one of the principle considerations for the aircraft passengers, and acoustic quality is an important feature of the acoustic environment. At present, there are two ways of acoustic quality analysis: subjective evaluation and objective evaluation. The objective evaluation of acoustic quality can reflect the sound characteristics more objectively by analyzing the physical parameters such as the spectrum characteristics of noise data.In this paper, the acoustic environment data of domestic mainstream aircraft in cruise stage were measured by the highprecision dual ear acquisition equipment, and the acoustic quality of the relevant data was analyzed objectively. According to the analysis of the measurement results in this paper, the Alevel in the aircraft cabin was between 69.4 dB (A) and 83.9 dB (A) and loudness was between 28.4 sone and 52.5 sone.The sharpness distribution was relatively uniform, and the value was between 1.1 acum and 1.4 acum. According to the results of the spectrum cloud chart, the noise sources were mainly concentrated in the frequency band of 200 Hz and 400 Hz, and the noise intensity was significantly enhanced in the middle and rear of the cabin. In general, the performance of cabin acoustic quality of each sampling model in the cabin is at an acceptable level, and the acoustic quality of the front cabin is better than that of the middle and rear of the cabin.

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崔玺康,樊彦予,张絮涵.国内主流机型客舱声品质表现分析[J].民用飞机设计与研 究,2020(4):57-62CUI Xikang, FAN Yanyu, ZHANG Xuhan.[J]. Civil Aircraft Design and Research,2020,(4):57-62. ( in Chinese)

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-06
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